分类： 《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

八、上帝的预旨

12问：上帝的定旨是什么？

答：上帝的定旨乃上帝为了自己的荣耀，从太初就按其不变之预旨所设定出于其智慧、自由、圣洁之谋略的运作（弗1:11；罗11:33；9:14-15，18），使万有一切都成就在历史中（弗1:4，11；罗9:22－23；诗33:11），尤其关乎天使和人类的事。

Question 12: What are the decrees of God?

Answer: God’s decrees are the wise, free, and holy acts of the counsel of his will, whereby, from all eternity, he has, for his own glory, unchangeably foreordained: Whatsoever comes to pass in time, especially concerning angels and men.

13问：上帝对天使和人类的定旨是什么？

答：上帝出于祂的圣爱，也为了使祂荣耀的恩典至终可以得着称赞，乃根据祂永恒不变的定旨，拣选部份天使得着荣耀（提前5:21）；也拣选部份人藉所设定的途径得着永生（弗1:4-6；帖后2:13-14）；并按祂主权的能力以及祂旨意无可测度之谋略，或施恩或不施恩，预定其他各人因所犯之罪蒙羞辱、受天谴，使祂公义的荣耀得着称赞（罗9:17-18，21-22；太11:25-26；提后2:20；犹4；彼前2:8）。

Question 13: What has God especially decreed concerning angels and men?

Answer: God, by an eternal and immutable decree, out of his mere love, for the praise of his glorious grace, to be manifested in due time, has elected some angels to glory; and in Christ has chosen some men to eternal life, and the means thereof: and also, according to his sovereign power, and the unsearchable counsel of his own will (whereby he extends or withholds favor as he pleases), has passed by and foreordained the rest to dishonor and wrath, to be for their sin inflicted, to the praise of the glory of his justice.

14问：上帝如何实施祂的定旨？

答：上帝按照祂无误之预知，以及祂心里绝对自由、绝对不变之谋略，藉其造化与护理之工，施行祂的定旨（弗1:11）。

Question 14: How does  God execute his decrees?

Answer: God executes his decrees in the works of creation and providence, according to his infallible foreknowledge, and the free and immutable counsel of his own will.

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

七、上帝的位格性

9问：上帝共有几个位格？

答：上帝共有圣父、圣子、圣灵三个位格，三者同质、同权、同荣，同为实存、永在之独一上帝，但三者各具不同之特性（约壹5:7；太3:16－17；28:19；林后13:14；约10:30）。

Question 9: How many persons are there in the Godhead?

Answer: There be three persons in the Godhead, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost; and these three are one true, eternal God, the same in substance, equal in power and glory; although distinguished by their personal properties.

10问：上帝的这三个位格各有什么特性？

答：在亘古之前，圣父衍生圣子（来1:5－6，8），圣子生于圣父（约1:14，18），圣灵则出于圣父及圣子（约15:26；加4:6）。

Question 10: What are the personal properties of the three persons in the Godhead?

Answer: It is proper to the Father to beget the Son, and to the Son to be begotten of the Father, and to the Holy Ghost to proceed from the Father and the Son from all eternity.

11问：何以见得圣子和圣灵都是与圣父同等的上帝？

答：圣经既把专属于上帝的称谓（赛6:3，5，8；比较约12:41；徒28:25；约壹5:20；徒5:3－4）、属性（约1:1；赛9:6；约2:24－25；林前2:10－11）、作为（西1:16；创1:2）和敬拜（太28:19；林后13:14），也用于圣子和圣灵身上，说明圣子和圣灵也都是与圣父同等的上帝。

Question 11: How doth it appear that the Son and the Holy Ghost are God equal with the Father?

Answer: The Scriptures manifest that the Son and the Holy Ghost are God equal with the Father, ascribing unto them such names, attributes, works, and worship, as are proper to God only.

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

五、上帝的属性

6问：圣经如何启示上帝？

答：圣经启示：

  1. 何为上帝？（来11:6）
  2. 何为上帝的位格？（约贰5:17）
  3. 何为上帝的定旨？（徒15:14-15，18）
  4. 何为上帝定旨之执行？（徒4:27-28）

Question 6: What do the Scriptures make known of God?

Answer: The Scriptures make known: What God is, the persons in the Godhead, his decrees, and the execution of his decrees.

7问：何为上帝？

答：

  1. 上帝是灵（约4:24），自有永有，无可限量（出3:14；伯11:7－9），荣耀辉煌（徒7:2），可称可颂（提前6:15）、圣洁完全（太5:48）；
  2. 上帝丰足无缺（创17:1），永远长存（诗90:2），绝不改变（玛3:6；雅1:17），不可测度（王上8:27），无所不在（诗139:1－13），无所不能（启4:8），无所不知（来4:13；诗147:5），至智（罗16:27），至圣（赛6:3；启15:4），至义（申32:4），至爱（约壹4：8，16），有怜悯，有恩典，不轻易发怒，并有丰盛的慈爱和诚实（出34:6）。

Question 7: What is God?

Answer: God is a Spirit, in and of himself infinite in being, glory, blessedness, and perfection; all-sufficient, eternal, unchangeable, incomprehensible, everywhere present, almighty, knowing all things, most wise, most holy, most just, most merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth.